عملکرد برند، مفهوم سازی و اندازه گیری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ ،MBA استادیار دانشکده مدیریت

2 استادیار دانشکده علوم گردشگری، دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت mba دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ

چکیده


در دهه های اخیر، نقش و اهمیت دارایی های نامشهود همزمان با افزایش سطح رقابت بین شرکتها افزایش یافته است. یکی از دارایی های نام شهودی که مهمترین عامل متمایزکننده یک شرکت و ایجاد مزیت رقابتی برای آن میباشد، برند است. از آنجایی که عملکرد برند رابطه مستقیمی با عملکرد یک سازمان دارد،سنجش و پایش مستمر آن میتواند به عنوان ابزار مدیریتی قدرتمندی به مدیران در جهت نیل به اهداف کلی و استراتژیک سازمانها کمک نماید. از آنجایی که عملکرد برند ماهیتی چند بعدی دارد تا کنون محققان مختلف معیارها و شاخص های مختلفی را با توجه به نیاز و دیدگاه خود برای ارزیابی برند معرفی کرده اند، ولی متأسفانه رویکرد یگانه و استانداردی در این زمینه وجود نداشته است. از اینرو در این مقاله سعی شده است تا با مرور ادبیات تحقیق، شاخصها و سنجه هایی که تا کنون برای سنجش عملکرد برند معرفی شده اند به صورت منسجمی طبقه بندی و در کنار یکدیگر قرار داده شوند. این سنجه ها به سه گروه کلی سنجه های مبتنی بر نتایج کوتاه مدت، سنجه های مبتنی بر نتایج بلندمدت و سنجه های ترکیبی تقسیم شده اند. گروه اول علاوه بر شاخص های مالی و شاخصهای بازاری، ارزش ویژه برند مبتنی بر دیدگاه مالی را نیز شامل میشود در حالی که در گروه دوم عمدتاً شاخص های ادراکی و مبتنی بر رفتار مصرف کننده از جمله ارزش ویژه برند مبتنی بر مصرف کننده(یا مشتری) و سایر سنجه های رفتاری گنجانده شده
است. مدلهای مختلف ارزشگذاری برند که ترکیبی از سنجه های بلندمدت و کوتاه مدت میباشند نیز در گروه سوم جای داده شدهاند.

کلیدواژه‌ها



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